Enzymatic Functions for Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor Domain Proteins in the Plant Immune System.
Identifieur interne : 000157 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000156; suivant : 000158Enzymatic Functions for Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor Domain Proteins in the Plant Immune System.
Auteurs : Adam M. Bayless [États-Unis] ; Marc T. Nishimura [États-Unis]Source :
- Frontiers in genetics [ 1664-8021 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Rationally engineered improvements to crop plants will be needed to keep pace with increasing demands placed on agricultural systems by population growth and climate change. Engineering of plant immune systems provides an opportunity to increase yields by limiting losses to pathogens. Intracellular immune receptors are commonly used as agricultural disease resistance traits. Despite their importance, how intracellular immune receptors confer disease resistance is still unknown. One major class of immune receptors in dicots contains a Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor (TIR) domain. The mechanisms of TIR-containing proteins during plant immunity have remained elusive. The TIR domain is an ancient module found in archaeal, bacterial and eukaryotic proteins. In animals, TIR domains serve a structural role by generating innate immune signaling complexes. The unusual animal TIR-protein, SARM1, was recently discovered to function instead as an enzyme that depletes cellular NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) to trigger axonal cell death. Two recent reports have found that plant TIR proteins also have the ability to cleave NAD+. This presents a new paradigm from which to consider how plant TIR immune receptors function. Here, we will review recent reports of the structure and function of TIR-domain containing proteins. Intriguingly, it appears that TIR proteins in all kingdoms may use similar enzymatic mechanisms in a variety of cell death and immune pathways. We will also discuss TIR structure-function hypotheses in light of the recent publication of the ZAR1 resistosome structure. Finally, we will explore the evolutionary context of plant TIR-containing proteins and their downstream signaling components across phylogenies and the functional implications of these findings.
DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00539
PubMed: 32582284
PubMed Central: PMC7282519
Affiliations:
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Bayless</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nishimura, Marc T" sort="Nishimura, Marc T" uniqKey="Nishimura M" first="Marc T" last="Nishimura">Marc T. Nishimura</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in genetics</title><idno type="ISSN">1664-8021</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Rationally engineered improvements to crop plants will be needed to keep pace with increasing demands placed on agricultural systems by population growth and climate change. Engineering of plant immune systems provides an opportunity to increase yields by limiting losses to pathogens. Intracellular immune receptors are commonly used as agricultural disease resistance traits. Despite their importance, how intracellular immune receptors confer disease resistance is still unknown. One major class of immune receptors in dicots contains a Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor (TIR) domain. The mechanisms of TIR-containing proteins during plant immunity have remained elusive. The TIR domain is an ancient module found in archaeal, bacterial and eukaryotic proteins. In animals, TIR domains serve a structural role by generating innate immune signaling complexes. The unusual animal TIR-protein, SARM1, was recently discovered to function instead as an enzyme that depletes cellular NAD<sup>+</sup> (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) to trigger axonal cell death. Two recent reports have found that plant TIR proteins also have the ability to cleave NAD<sup>+</sup>. This presents a new paradigm from which to consider how plant TIR immune receptors function. Here, we will review recent reports of the structure and function of TIR-domain containing proteins. Intriguingly, it appears that TIR proteins in all kingdoms may use similar enzymatic mechanisms in a variety of cell death and immune pathways. We will also discuss TIR structure-function hypotheses in light of the recent publication of the ZAR1 resistosome structure. Finally, we will explore the evolutionary context of plant TIR-containing proteins and their downstream signaling components across phylogenies and the functional implications of these findings.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32582284</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>28</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1664-8021</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>11</Volume><PubDate><Year>2020</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Frontiers in genetics</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Front Genet</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Enzymatic Functions for Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor Domain Proteins in the Plant Immune System.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>539</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3389/fgene.2020.00539</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Rationally engineered improvements to crop plants will be needed to keep pace with increasing demands placed on agricultural systems by population growth and climate change. Engineering of plant immune systems provides an opportunity to increase yields by limiting losses to pathogens. Intracellular immune receptors are commonly used as agricultural disease resistance traits. Despite their importance, how intracellular immune receptors confer disease resistance is still unknown. One major class of immune receptors in dicots contains a Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor (TIR) domain. The mechanisms of TIR-containing proteins during plant immunity have remained elusive. The TIR domain is an ancient module found in archaeal, bacterial and eukaryotic proteins. In animals, TIR domains serve a structural role by generating innate immune signaling complexes. The unusual animal TIR-protein, SARM1, was recently discovered to function instead as an enzyme that depletes cellular NAD<sup>+</sup> (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) to trigger axonal cell death. Two recent reports have found that plant TIR proteins also have the ability to cleave NAD<sup>+</sup>. This presents a new paradigm from which to consider how plant TIR immune receptors function. Here, we will review recent reports of the structure and function of TIR-domain containing proteins. Intriguingly, it appears that TIR proteins in all kingdoms may use similar enzymatic mechanisms in a variety of cell death and immune pathways. We will also discuss TIR structure-function hypotheses in light of the recent publication of the ZAR1 resistosome structure. 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| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PlantImRecepV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.38. |  |